Esophageal Perforation
Esophageal Perforation is a disruption or full-thickness tear of the esophageal wall that may allow esophageal contents to leak into the surrounding tissues or thoracic cavity. It is a serious medical condition that requires prompt diagnosis and management to reduce the risk of severe infection and other complications.
It may occur following medical procedures, forceful vomiting, trauma, foreign-body ingestion, or caustic injury. Symptoms vary according to the location and extent of the perforation and may include sudden severe chest or upper abdominal pain, painful or difficult swallowing, shortness of breath, and fever.
Management depends on the cause, location and size of the perforation, time since onset, the patient's clinical condition, and the presence of leakage or infection. Selected cases may be managed endoscopically, while others may require laparoscopic or other surgical repair, together with drainage and control of contamination when indicated.
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