Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) Syndrome

Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) Syndrome

Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) Syndrome is a rare condition caused by compression of the third portion of the duodenum between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, resulting in partial or complete obstruction of gastrointestinal passage.

Symptoms may include postprandial upper abdominal pain or distension, early satiety, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss.

Diagnosis typically involves clinical assessment and appropriate imaging, particularly CT scanning, to evaluate the anatomical relationship between the SMA and aorta and the degree of duodenal compression.

Initial management may include nutritional and conservative treatment. When symptoms are severe or persistent despite appropriate conservative management, surgical intervention may be considered. In selected patients, Laparoscopic Duodenojejunostomy can be performed to bypass the compressed segment of the duodenum and restore gastrointestinal passage.